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Courts of law
Courts of law are of two types: 1. Criminal Court 2.Civil Court Criminal Courts, in India, are of the following…
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Ascites – Important viva questions
What are the causes of a distended abdomen? the 5 Fs (Fat, fluid, faeces, flatus and fetus) What do you…
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Mitral Regurgitation (Viva questions for medicine practical exam)
Mitral Regurgitation occurs due to mitral valve prolapse it is also known as mitral valve insufficiency , the most common…
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Leprosy/ Hansen’s disease
Leprosy/ Hansen’s disease ETIOLOGY Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by M.Leprae- an acid fast bacilli.The route of transmission…
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Pulmonary oedema
Pathophysiology Pulmonary edema is caused because of transudation of fluid, RBCs and macromolecules from the pulmonary capillaries into the interstitium…
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X-linked dominant and recessive disorders
X-linked dominant disorders 1.Familial hypophosphatemic rickets2.Urea cycle defect due to deficiency of ornithine transcarbamylase3.Incontinentia pigmenti4.Rette’s syndrome X-linked recessive disorders…
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Autosomal recessive disorders
Autosomal recessive disorders include most of the metabolic problems. Cystic fibrosis Wilson’s disease Gaucher’s disease Alpha -1-antitrypsin deficiency Hemochromatosis Neiman-Picks…
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Autosomal dominant disorders
We can remember the Autosomal dominant disorders by the mnemonic- DOMINANT VH3 D- Dystrophia myotonica O- Osteogenesis imperfecta M- Marfan’s…
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Must know drugs for medical emergencies
Anaphylactic shock Adrenaline 0.5 ml sc / im Hydrocortisone 200 mg iv Diphenhydramine 25-50 iv/im Hypoglycemia Oral glucose Fruit juice…
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Status epilepticus
Status epilepticus is sustained epileptic activity with1. two fits without recovery of consciousness in betweenOR2.single fit of >30 mins with…
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Status asthmaticus
Status asthmaticus is also called Acute severe asthma. In Status asthmaticus,1.there is severe airway obstruction2.no response to the initial standard…
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Aortic regurgitation
In aortic regurgitation, the aortic valve is incompetent. Hence, some of the blood which is pumped into the aorta from…
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Aortic stenosis
Aortic stenosis is narrowing of the aortic valve orifice. Normal aortic valve orifice: 2.5-3.5 sq.cmCritical aortic stenosis: <1 sq. cmCauses…
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Mitral regurgitation
In MR, the mitral valves are incompetent.Hence, during ventricular contraction, some blood flows from the left ventricle into the left…
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Mitral stenosis
Mitral stenosis Narrowing of the lumen of the mitral valve is mitral stenosis. Normal mitral valve orifice: 4-6 sq.cmMinimal MS:…
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Must know drugs for Medicine and Pharmacology Practicals
Must know drugs for Medicine and Pharmacology Practicals Click on the following drugs to read further.InsulinCalcium gluconateAdrenaline/EpinephrineHydrocortisoneAtropinePralidoximeNeostigmineFurosemideSodium bicarbonateStreptokinaseUnfractionated heparinLow molecular…
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Gynaecomastia
Gynaecomastia is the proliferation of male breast glandular tissue. Causes of gynaecomastia: 1.Physiological (ageing)2.Cirrhosis of liver3.Hyperthyroidism4.Klinefelter’s syndrome5.Hypogonadism6.Tumours of testes and…
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Important instruments for Medicine Practicals
Important instruments for Medicine Practical exams Click on the instruments below to read further. Simple rubber catheter Ryle’s tube Foley’s…
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