Hepatic encephalopathy is due to rise in ammonia levels in blood Etiopathogenesis : Increased ammonia level in blood (Most important) Increase in short chain fatty acids Rise in methionine

In aortic regurgitation, the aortic valve is incompetent. Hence, some of the blood which is pumped into the aorta from the left ventricle during systole, falls back into the

Thyroid Gland Contributed by: Soumya Khot

Click on the image to enlarge. -Anuja Mandavkar

Double click on the nodes to view the details –Anuja Mandavkar

IUCD is a device made of polyethylene which is impregnated with barium sulphate (which is radiopaque) so that the presence or absence can be detected by ultrasound or radiograph.

Parotid Gland Imp features – Largest salivary gland. Situated between ESR– external acoustic meatus, ramus of mandible & sternocleidomastoid. Capsule – Formed by investing layer of deep cervical fascia,

Gynaecomastia is the proliferation of male breast glandular tissue. Causes of gynaecomastia: 1.Physiological (ageing) 2.Cirrhosis of liver 3.Hyperthyroidism 4.Klinefelter’s syndrome 5.Hypogonadism 6.Tumours of testes and lung (You can remember

Status asthmaticus is also called Acute severe asthma. In Status asthmaticus, 1.there is severe airway obstruction 2.no response to the initial standard treatment of asthma 3.severe dyspnea 4.unproductive cough

LIVER FUNCTION TESTS What is LFT? LFTs are used for mainly 2 reasons: To confirm clinical suspicion of potential liver injury or disease. To distinguish between hepatocellular injury (hepatic